David said: The standard dry tincture is actually 1:5, but 1:4 will work for some dry tinctures and are a bit stronger. Hops can be made dry if it is not too old, the strobes when ground fluff up, so this would be easier at 1:5. Echinacea once dried loses a great deal of its activity, is the root you have E. angustifolia or E. purpurea? E. angustifolia is stronger and you can chew the dried root, if it still gives you a mouth buzz, it is worth tincturing. E. purpurea root does not contain isobutylamides, which is why I make a tincture from the cones (which do contain isobutylamides) and from the fresh root (separately) and then combine them 50/50. As for the many videos’ of folk tincturing, it is easy to learn and do, unfortunately it only sometimes makes medicine really worth using.